If you put in a number greater than what you can carry into the Storage Inventory it will delete the remainder.
For example, if I had 25 inventory weight left on my player and I take 50 pistol ammo out, it will give me 25 (equal to 25 weight), say "You could only carry 25 of these.",
and delete the other 25 ammo boxes. So if I had 50 Boxes in there and did this, there would be 0 left in storage.
This bug does not work vice versa, it will say "Not enough Storage Space."
Edit: This Bug also includes the Vending Machine. It acts exactly the same way as the Player Locker bug stated above.